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Everything on-demand

 
A lot has changed in the world since 1981, when I was two. Now thirty years later my son is two and I'm trying to speculate which differences will really impact how he (and by extension his generation) approaches the world.

My guess so far as to what will have the the biggest impact is that they will grow up expecting everything should be on-demand. People have usually framed that concept in a critical manner, but I think it is a bit more subtle and could turn out very positive.

Yes, kids want things on-demand and it can be annoying, e.g. that particular episode or song wherever they happen to be in the world at that moment. Yet kids have always wanted things on-demand. 

I'm sure I wanted things on-demand when I was two as well. But I usually couldn't get it. We had to wait until the song came on the radio, look in an encyclopedia, etc.

Now my son can often actually get it, and the question is more whether we should give it to him or not. And he knows it. So his default state switches to the expectation that things should be on-demand. It's like his default expectation that everything is a touch screen, which is amusing, but ultimately I doubt it will have much effect on his frame of reference. 

Expecting things on-demand though I think has more far-reaching consequences. I'm just not sure exactly what they are.

You could argue that when you grow up thinking like that, slow processes may come to really bother you. Why can't we do that now? Perhaps that will be good for the world long-term as his generation starts to break down processes and make them faster. Or not...

Toddler app user interface guidelines

 
My son Eli has been using iPad apps since he was one and we have about 50 toddler apps. With the big caveat that this post is based off essentially a sample size of one, here are some toddler app user interface guidelines.

  • Load the app as fast possible. By this I mean two separate things: first, reduce the time it takes to press the icon and be able to interact with something on the screen. If this takes too long, impatience sets in and the app is likely to face the gong (home button).

    Second, reduce the number of screens before the actual app appears to zero, i.e. go right into the app. Yes, I understand you want to upsell and do other stuff there, but just don't. When you do that, especially when put links to the app store there, the toddler will click them, and then get confused. For example, Park Math is a great app, but I hate their home screen -- that big yellow bus is so attractive to click!

    button.png


  • Move all settings out of the app. For iOS at least, you can move settings out of the app and into the general settings window. Please do this because toddlers are drawn to your little setting icons, and they a) destroy the flow of the app and b) the toddler will change all of them and put the app into an annoying state, e.g. in another language, too hard for them, etc. Interactive Alphabet is another app we like, but it really needs to drop those 4 unnecessary buttons on the bottom of the home screen.

    abc.png


  • No pop-ups/notifications. See a theme here? If there is a non-app associated thing the toddler will click it :). Pop-ups are the worst because they are modal giving them a 50/50 chance to click on the wrong thing. They're just not appropriate in these apps. There must be a presumption in these scenarios that the parent is controlling the app at that point, but at least in our household this is usually not the case. He scrolls through the screens and picks the apps he wants to use.

    The worst offender I've seen with this point are the Dr. Seuss Apps. These apps need work in general and I don't really recommend them, but this aspect particularly annoys me.

    popup2.png


  • Make everything tappable/clickable. Toddlers love to interact with the app and point out and press everything. When things respond to those taps, it makes the experience a lot better. Itsy Bitsy Spider does this really well.

    spider.png


  • Change it up/give surprises. The best apps not only make everything cilckable, but also do different stuff from screen to screen and even hide games/easter eggs. For example, a click may do something but a long-click may do something else. In a book, one page you may have to color and the next page you may have to click a series of things. Jack and the Beanstalk by Ayars (there are several) does this excellently. Here's an example page where they have this mouse dragging game action built in.

    mouse.png


  • Give multiple ways to do things. Sometimes it is unclear what to do, or the toddler hasn't mastered a way to do something, e.g. the swipe motion. So it is better to offer an alternative. In the swipe example, little arrows to turn pages work well.

  • Give hints. If there is no activity for a bit, it is great to give the toddler a hint of what to do, e.g. by highlighting something they could/should tap. A similar behavior is to offer a mechanism to get hits when something is hard to do. Animal Hide & Seek Adventure does this well. You're supposed to tap the hiding animals, and they offer a dock on the bottom to shake the animals if you can't find them.

    hideseek.png


  • Add delays. Once a toddler understands how to do something, like turn a page, they want to just keep doing it. But this leads to them doing things like rushing through the app without really getting much out of it. The way around this is to delay some of the interface elements (including hints). For example, instead of showing the arrow to the next page right away, wait 5 sec. for doing so. I actually haven't seen anyone doing this yet, but would really appreciate it. The same goes for hints, i.e. the animal game I mentioned above. It would be better if the hint dock did not show all the time.

  • Give instructions. Literally tell the toddler what to do, i.e. speak instructions to them. This can be done in conjunction with the hints and delays mentioned above, and also at the beginning of a task. Monkey Preschool Lunchbox (also on Android) does this very well.

    monkey.png


  • Update the app. It's great when you can update the app and the toddler can see the changes. It doesn't have to be new features, but could just be new themes or other look changes. Elmo's Monster Maker does this well by releasing seasonal and holiday updates.

    elmo.png


  • Highlight words and letters as you say them. When reading to the toddler, I think it will help them associated words and letters with the sounds better if you highlight what you're saying as you're saying it. The Monster at the End of This Book does this well.

    grover.png


Finally, here are some gripes with iOS:

  • Home button needs an off switch. I need some way to disable the home button or make it harder to access during app play, e.g. a triple click or some other morse code sequence.

  • Need a way to hide videos. Eli knows how to get to the videos. He can find the icon no matter where I put it. I can disable videos through restrictions, but that doesn't really solve the problem. I would really like to be able to hide this icon like you can do for system icons on Windows. Another option would be to put the restriction on the icon itself and force me to enter the password when clicking on it. Come to think of it, this would work for the home button too.

Update: there are tons of excellent comments below, including many from great app makers and other parents like myself. Here are some additional guidelines.

--Enable multi-touch
--Setting to disable photo taking. 
--No in-game purchases.
--Cheer for the toddler when they do something right.

Non-fanboy iPad review

 
ddg on the ipad.jpgMy family has been using our iPad for over a week now. In short, I'm definitely glad we got it.

As I expected, it works great for my planned use case, i.e. baby following (now toddler following). It's form factor allows me to easily check something on the Web (as opposed to my phone) and also allows me to easily put it down quickly (as opposed to my laptop).

But there are a lot of things I didn't expect.

Other things I like
  • Web browsing is more fun. I genuinely like browsing the Web on the iPad more than other devices I've used. I feel I have a greater attention span when using it. I can't really put my finger on why, but maybe it's because it both feels like a magazine and there is no mouse.

  • The kids love it. Eli (my son) is 13mo, and hasn't quite figured it out, but certainly likes to play with it. He takes my hand and wants me to do it for him. He also tries to turn it over like it is a book. My 2yo and 4yo nephew and niece do get it and were really having fun with it, and in educational ways.

  • Video looks awesome. I have an HDTV but I guess the pixel density is really high or something on the iPad--I don't know and haven't bothered to look it up bc it is somewhat irrelevant. Bottom line is it is a pleasure to watch. And Eli likes watching it too.

  • Battery life is great. 

  • Duck Duck Go looks good on it. However, I did have to make some CSS tweaks last Saturday :).

  • Great to wake up with. I keep my phone by my bed side so I can (rarely) get SMS updates of server outages. After I upgraded to a smartphone (Android, G2), I started using it when I woke up to check my mail, feed reader etc. As you might expect, the iPad works much better for this purpose. I can more easily reply to emails on it. The only down-side here is the auto-brightness feature makes it way too bright.

Things I don't like
  • Wi-fi issues. Wi-fi cuts in and out and keeps asking me for my network password. It's really annoying. I moved my router to the middle of the house, which alleviated the problem a lot, though not completely. It's my only device that has this problem.

  • Typing is slow. I'm not that slow at typing on the iPad, but compared to my full keyboard, I am way slower. I hope to get faster at it over time, but needless to say, I'm composing this on my laptop. I don't like the auto-correct either--I think I'm going to turn it off. It gets a lot wrong, and so I have to keep looking up and seeing if it is getting things wrong.

  • Gmail integration sucks. The native mail app doesn't work great with Gmail. Lack of thread support is a show-stopper for me. Good news is Gmail came out with an iPad-ready Web app. The trouble is it's buggy and lacks important features (at least for me). For example, I can't figure out how to get a signature on there, which I need to add context to my replies to feedback emails. It lacks chat support (though I bought IM+ for that). Search is super-slow and often fails, etc. I hope and believe it will get better over time though.

  • Safari windowing is terrible. Even though I really love the reading part of Web browsing, I really miss tabs. I wish I didn't have to keep clicking the window button to see what is open. I just don't get why they did that. If they can have a bookmark bar they should be able to have tabs.

  • iTunes password re-entry. Really? I have to enter my password every three seconds, even to download free apps or update existing ones? It feels ridiculous. I wish there was a setting to ask me less.

  • Non-ipad ready apps suck.

Notes on apps
  • IM+ -- using to get Gchat support. It works but I can't figure out how to stop sending me email push notifications along with the chat ones.
  • iSSH -- similar story. It works but I can't figure out how to press the up arrow multiple times quickly.
  • Netflix -- awesome. Streams movies as expected and they look great.
  • Tweetdeck -- works as expected except keeps crashes on me a decent amount.
  • Evernote -- trying to figure out how to get it in my workflow.
  • FW Animals, Sound Shaker, 123 Color -- kids love these.
  • NyTimes -- they play up how it is laid out like the newspaper, but I find this hard to read.
  • WSJ -- I ditched it because it takes forever to download the newspaper, and they don't let you start reading until it is all done.

Baby Clothes Hacks

 
Eli is 11mo old. Here's the semi-unintuitive stuff we've learned with regards to clothing him.

eli.jpg
  • Zippers. Love 'em. Baby clothes come in all sorts of different connecting pieces, e.g. snapping down the middle, snapping down the legs, and all sorts of other snapping. The problem is snapping sucks, especially when the baby is wriggly. With the zipper, you just shove in their legs, zip up and you're done.

  • Footsies. Babies aren't supposed to sleep with anything in their cribs, but they can get cold. So what we've converged to doing is dressing him in a fleece with footsies with a onesie underneath. If the pajamas don't have footsies, then their feet get really cold, and so you end up having to put socks on them. Not only are socks annoying but they have a tendency to come off in the middle of the night. And even if they don't, without the footsies the leg can ride up and expose their calves.

  • Snurgle. For the first few months we swaddled Eli, in what we came to call the Snurgle. Swaddling really worked for us.

  • Onesies. They're awesome. There is a tendency to buy lots of different types of clothes, i.e. overalls, shirts, pullovers, etc. because they're all cute. And that of course is true. However, the onesie has a special appeal because they can just wear it as is and it classifies an outfit. Additionally, you can layer over it (pants/shirts) and if they get that dirty (food/whatever) you can take it off but don't have to take off everything. Finally, it keeps their belly covered, whereas if they just wore a shit it would not.

  • More onesies. We've like the Gerber and Carter ones the best. You can buy the white ones in the multi-packs, which we routinely use as a base layer. Note, however, that the Gerber ones run small. You also have to be careful about the head openings being too big (with any brand). Finally, we've found that if you take the head size into account, you can get bigger sizes and they work just fine.

  • Changing with the bottle. Changing clothes can be a pain. I've taken to making Eli a bottle first, and letting him eat while I change him. He is then calm throughout. This technique only started working after he could hold his bottle though, at around 6mo or so (I forget!). 

  • Sizing. The sizes vary so much from brand to brand it is somewhat ridiculous. It's to the point where you can't really trust them at all. Additionally, the width of the clothes varies a ton. Eli's really skinny, so that has a big impact. Bottom line is if you have to really look at the item beyond the size.

  • More sizing. We bought a ton of 6-12mo clothes, which is the standard size. But really at 6mo they didn't fit Eli because they seem to be for more on the 12mo side even though they say 6-12mo on them. So we had to go back out and get a bunch of 9mo stuff, which is harder to come by.

  • Stores. We found a lot of good stuff and good prices at Target, Carters, and Costco.

  • Outside fleece. We bought a really thick outside fleece at Target that was proved invaluable. We put him in it in the late fall and early winter when we went outside for walks. He was warm and sometimes it lulled him to sleep. It covered his hands and feet and had a hood.
  • Hooded sweatshirts. Sweatshirts are cute, but we were too nervous to put him to sleep in ones that had hoods.

  • Shoes. Haven't had much of a use for them :)

  • Laundry. We initially underestimated how many clothes he would go through. Between peeing, eating, and generally getting into things, we're changing him often a few times a day.

My Apple Tablet (iSlate) Use Case: Baby Following

 
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I'm planning on getting a tablet this year, probably the upcoming Apple iSlate (or whatever it will be called). [1]

My primary use case is compelling and simple, albeit not for everyone: following a baby around the house.

Eli ikes to crawl (almost walk!) around the entire house most of his waking hours. Usually this crawling is accompanied with parental entertainment. Sometimes, however, he entertains himself.

When entertaining himself, he of course still requires watching, but it is more an out-of-one-eye thing. During these times, I routinely catch up on email, RSS, HN, Twitter, and Facebook.

I currently use my Android phone (G2) and sometimes my laptop (HP Envy 13). Each is far from ideal for this use case. 

The phone is too slow and too small. It's a pain to visit sites, and even more of a pain to use to compose an email or comment. It's pretty good at reading things though, especially within a native app.

The laptop is too big. It attracts Eli, who wants to come over and bend it backwards or type on the keys. (I think that may have to do with it doubling as a video phone with his grandparents.) 

You also have to keep taking the laptop off of standby and it too difficult to put down fast, which is sometimes necessary if Eli is about to get in to trouble.

I am hopeful that the tablet form factor will be all of the good and none of the bad. I envision it fast and easy to browse on. I imagine composing with its virtual keyboard will be less effective than a laptop, but still effective enough to not be annoying. And I believe it will be easy to put down quickly. I can't wait!

[1] I'm planning on waiting until it actually goes on sale, i.e. not pre-order. At that point, it's possible that there will be other options. This happened to me with the Macbook Air. By the time I went to purchase it, I instead opted for the Lenovo ideapad U110, which eventually became my wife's laptop when I recently replaced it with the HP Envy 13.

Baby Bath Hacks

 
Eli is 10mo old. Here's the semi-unintuitive stuff we've learned with regards to bathing.

  • Babies are already clean. Eli doesn't really get that dirty, especially earlier on when he wasn't eating anything besides milk. Before he could sit up, he didn't so much like the bath, so we started doing it rather infrequently upon need, a little less than once per week. He gets dirty mostly around his diaper and mouth, which gets cleaned continually from baby wipes.

  • Get in the bath. Since being able to sit up, Eli has loved baths. However, he doesn't really like being anywhere by himself. Getting in the bath with him solves the problem and can extend bathing for a long time.

  • Fill the tub up only a few inches. When you get in the bath, you have a tendency to default to fill it up higher. But the higher you fill it up, the more unwieldy the baby becomes. If you keep it only a few inches, they can have fun and be stable at the same time. The problem is it gets cold quickly, which brings me to my next point. 

  • Separate the bath into two sections. If you get in the bath, you can position yourself in such a way where the water is divided into two sections with your body being the separator. Then you can sit near the faucet and turn on the hot water to a drip. The results are you get to be in hot water and your baby can be in warm water, and you can regulate how warm it gets while remaining comfortable. You also get to guard the faucet, which can be dangerous.

  • Water bottles. Water bottles make great bath toys. Eli likes to chew on them and likes how the water flows over his hands when you pour them out. They also can serve as parent bath toys. If you get cold in the few inches of water, you can get a bigger bottle and keep pouring it on you from the hot water section. You can also use the bottle to wash off soap from the baby's hair.

  • Toy wall. Eli likes to rotate bath toys. One activity that keeps him interested and busy is to take the bath toys and line them up on the side of the bath, making a toy wall. He will pull them down, and then you can line them up again.

  • Toy biting. Eli also likes to bite toys. But he likes it even more when his parents bite them. He loves grabbing them from our mouth and then putting them back in. Fun.

The Baby Observer Effect

 
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The observer effect in physics refers to how things can change when you observe them. That is, the very act of measurement can change the thing you are measuring.

The same thing happens with Eli, our 10mo old son. If you go into his room to observe him in his crib, and he is even slightly awake, it is pretty much disaster. He hears you, picks up his head, stands up, and starts crying out to you.

When we first looked at baby monitors, I thought video was a bit over the top, but we got one anyway. Now I'm sure it helps both him and us sleep a lot better. With just audio, we would check on him when we heard noises, even if these noises were just due to light sleeping or trying to fall asleep.

But with the video monitor, you can actually tell whether you should go up there or not. You can avoid the baby observer effect altogether. 

This works great in the morning. When he is actually waking up for good, he sits up or stands up on his own. But when it is just a passing thing, he stays laying down.

The best use is when he is going down for a nap. It often takes five to ten minutes for him to fall asleep. And he pretty much always cries out right when you put him in the crib, regardless of if he is tired or not. And you're never quite sure if you have the timing just right. 

The video monitor tells you whether he is really trying to fall asleep or just upset for getting put in his crib not fully tired. Without the video monitor, you can easily trigger the baby observer effect by going to check for yourself. 

We just got back from a vacation where we didn't have the monitor and it was a lot more difficult. We ended up keeping the door cracked slightly and peering through, but that had its own drawbacks. More sounds get through the door in that position, sometimes it cracks open more and makes a sound, and you actually have to get up and go up there.

Nobody puts baby in the corner

 
Eli's 4 1/2 months already(!) and he crawls. Not quickly mind you, but he eventually gets where he is going, sort of like a snail. Butt high in the air, slinking along, and not terribly happy about the process as much as the destination.

Our doctor told us that babies are smarter than you think they are. I thought I was heeding his advice perfectly until last night. I had just assumed (key mistake) that his attempts at crawling were in somewhat random directions.

We had been putting him to bed in a crib at night, and he would make his way over the course of the night into the corner. It looked uncomfortable with the head pressed up against the side, so we would move him back to the center. But he would find he kept finding his way back to the corner.

Yesterday when putting him in the crib for a nap, I decided to experiment and just start him in the corner. He went to sleep very quickly. 

OK, but maybe that is because he had nowhere to go. So last night we tried again to start him in the corner. He has taken to going to sleep between 6:30-7:30 and waking up around 12:30-1:30 to cry/"crankle" for a while (30-45min) only to fall back asleep for several more hours.

He woke up last night around 1:10AM. I go in there and he is along the top edge of the crib, faced in the other direction, butt up, about 1/3 of the way to the other corner. It really looked like he was making his way from one corner to the other, deliberately. 

So I picked him up and put him where he seemed like he wanted to go. And it worked!

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